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Chapter 365 Kunlun Spring

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The driest area of ​​the mountain has an annual precipitation of less than fifty millimeters at the foot of the mountain, and at high altitudes of about one hundred millimeters; near Pamir and Tibet mountains, the annual precipitation increases to 457 millimeters. In the lower levels of the mountain (the mountain at the border with the northern plains), the average temperature in July is 25 to 28 degrees, not less than minus nine degrees in January, but on the upper part of the mountain and the Tibet border, the average temperature in July is less than ten degrees, and often drops to minus 35 degrees or less in winter.

The northern slope of Kunlun Mountain belongs to the warm temperate Tarim Desert and Qaidam Desert. The precipitation is small. As the altitude increases, the warm temperate desert transitions to an alpine desert, and the precipitation increases accordingly. The snow line is between 5,600 and 5,900 meters above the snow line. Above the snow line, there are glaciers that never melt all year round, with a glacier area of ​​more than 3,000 square kilometers. It is one of the large glacier areas in China. Glacier melt water is the source of several major rivers in China, including the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Lancang River (Mekong River), the Nujiang River (Salwen River) and the Tarim River.

There are more than 100 higher plants in the Kunlun Mountains, but they are generally low shrubs. Wild animals are unique to the plateau, such as Tibetan antelope, wild yaks, wild donkeys, etc. The highest quality jade produced in the foothills of Kunlun Mountain in Hotan, Xinjiang. Since ancient times, it has been the main source of jade in the Central Plains. Therefore, the "Thousand Character Classic" mentions that jade comes from Kungang

The entire mountain is covered with deserts or at most a grassland. The conditions of places where vegetation can be called grasslands restrict the development of vegetation. Many areas are composed of rock deserts. Occasionally stagnant ponds provide water plants for several species of wild ungulate animals such as Tibetan antelope and Tibetan antelope, large flocks of wild donkeys (Qian donkeys) and flocks of wild yaks. In the more moist western mountains, bighorn wild sheep eat grasslands on the grasslands at high places. Green sheep, Ladakh oriental argali and highland goats are scattered on the rocks in the upper part of the western mountainous areas. Brown bears are often found in the willow bushes near the waterway, and wolf is unique to the local area, but snow leopards are rare. Many migratory birds often appear in the lakes here during seasonal migration.

Despite extreme climate and terrain conditions, the Kunlun Mountains and adjacent areas still nurture permanent and migrant populations. On the northern slope are Uyghurs from oasis, occasionally Mongolians, and in the south of northern Tibet, Tibetan nomads have occupied a large area of ​​grassland pastures that were abandoned in the past. The paved road from Dunhuang to Lhasa serves the residential areas of Qinghai. Golmud, a modern city that rose from the windy beaches in the Qaidam Basin, is a railway end. Several other major roads from the Tarim Basin oasis cross Kunlun Congshan. Trucks transport vegetables, building materials, gasoline and groceries to the most remote residential areas, and transport raw materials such as oil, soda ash and coal from the place of origin to nearby towns.

Kunlun Spring is located in the middle of Nachitai, a famous town on the north bank of the Kunlun River. It is an excellent natural mineral spring. It is regarded as a wonder of Kunlun. Nachi Fountain, one large and one small, fifty meters apart. The big spring is on the side of the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. The spring is made of stones around the spring, which is a spring platform with one meter high. The diameter of the spring mouth is 1.6 meters, and the water depth of the spring is one meter away. There is an exit next to it. Kunlun Spring is very prosperous, and it is not too late.Stop and gush outward, turning up layers of small waves from time to time, making a sound. The water temperature throughout the year is constant at twenty degrees. A clear spring in the center suddenly gushed out from the pool, forming a crystal clear mushroom-like shape, throwing countless jasper-like petals around it, like a blooming lotus, or a silent splash of broken jade falling into a clear pool, and then running towards the surging Kunlun River

To this day, there is still a legend about Princess Wencheng resting here when she entered Tibet. According to legend, when Princess Wencheng married far away, she carried a huge statue of Sakyamuni Buddha with her. When the princess and her party came to Nachitai at the foot of Kunlun Mountain, the mountains were high and the road was far away, and the people were exhausted. So the princess ordered the team to rest on the spot. When cooking that night, she found that there was no water nearby. Everyone had to finish eating dry food and sleep in their clothes. The next morning, when people woke up, they found that the mountain where the statue of Sakyamuni statue was pressed into a platform last night. Not far from the platform, a crystal clear spring water gushed out and flowed gurglingly. People suddenly understood that this was Sakyamuni Buddha pressing out the spring water in the mountains. In order to express their respect for the Buddha, the princess who devoutly threw a string of pearls on her body into the spring, and the spring water became cooler and sweeter. Therefore, people called Nachitai.The Buddhist altar, called Kunlun Spring the Pearl Spring, and there is also a legend that when the Creation Shenfanmo went to the birthday party of Queen Mother of the West on the banks of the Yaochi Lake in Kunlun Mountain, the Queen Mother was in full swing. He drank the nectar of the Jade Pond given by Queen Mother of the West. The golden cup was pouring on the ground, and the nectar was everywhere. The lotus shrine he rode in turned into the Chitai Mountains, and the nectar turned into Kunlun Spring. Kunlun Spring is the largest unfreezing spring in Kunlun Mountain. The spring water was gushed into the underground after the ice and snow of Kunlun Mountain melted. It was not only clear, clear, crystal clear, sweet and mellow, clean and hygienic, and it was known as the iceberg dew.,The spring water is a low-minerality bicarbonate chloride, calcium-magnesium-type mineral water. Before it is sprayed out of the strata, it contains undercurrents underground for more than 20 years. It dissolves strontium, calcium, potassium, bicarbonate and other chemical elements that are beneficial to human health from the surrounding environment. The strontium content reaches 0.7 mg liters, which has good efficacy in the treatment of hypertension, heart disease, arteriosclerosis and other diseases. It is a high-quality, natural drinking mineral water. There is a Kunlun Spring Pavilion. There is a Kunlun Spring Monument in the pavilion. It is a must-pass place for the world's roof car exploration line and one of the important attractions for the ancestral search in the Taoist holy land of Kunlun Mountain.

Kunlun Pass is located in the middle section of Kunlun Mountain, 160 kilometers south of Golmud city, with an altitude of 4,770 meters and a relative height of 80 to 100 meters. It is also known as Kunlun PassIt is a must-pass place for Qinghai and Gansu provinces to Tibet, and it is also a major pass on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. The Kunlun Pass is towering, with a cold and humid climate, thin air, unique ecological environment, and spectacular natural scenery. The mountains are rolling, snow peaks are abrupt and lined with grasslands and meadows. What is particularly strange is that there are abrupt and rugged ice mounds and unpredictable ice cones, as well as the plateau frozen soil that never melts all year round. Some of the ice mounds are high.A few meters, some are more than ten meters high, and there is an endless trickle under the ice mound. Once the ice layer is unveiled, groundwater often gushes out to form a fountain. Some ice cones are one or two meters high, and some are seven or eight meters high. This ice cone continues to grow and burst. When it explodes, some sprays up to twenty or thirty meters high and makes a huge sound. Although the large plateau frozen soil layer at Kunlun Pass does not melt all year round, green grass grows on the meadows on the surface of the frozen soil layer.

Every summer, all kinds of bright and dazzling wild flowers bloom in the grass, which is very beautiful

Kunlun Mountain Pass is a must-pass place for the Qinghai-Tibet Highway to cross the Kunlun Mountains, a must-pass place for the world's rooftop car adventure line, an important attraction for Kunlun June snow sightseeing. Many passers-by will stop here to watch after coming here.

In April 1956, when Vice Premier Chen Yi passed Kunlun Mountain on his way to Tibet, he was full of passion and poetry. He immediately wrote a poem "Ode to Kunlun Mountain". The poem says that there are many peaks outside the peak, and there are ridges outside the mountain that are hard to find. The land is high and there are no dangers. There are only a line of rivers everywhere. The snow line is connected to the sky. The cattle and horses are wandering around. There are few people in the wilderness. If there are water and grass, it is a guest. What are the sand and gravel? Identify and leave it to the exploration group.

My car travels 300 miles a day, and it never stops in seven days. Kunlun is so bold that it is not famous for its vast hills and valleys. It drives rivers east into the sea and controls the five mountains and mountains across the mountains.

The markings of Kunlun Mountain Pass are divided into five parts: main monument, auxiliary monument, accompanying monument, sculpture, and chassis. The material is white marble

The main monument is 4.767 meters high, which is one thousandth of the altitude of the Kunlun Pass. The base of the monument is made of granite stone to form a 9.6 square meter foundation, symbolizing that it stands on the solid land of the motherland of 9.6 million square kilometers. The Kunlun Pass Monument and the Jiesansonan Dajie Monument are placed on the south side of the Kunlun Mountains. To commemorate this outstanding Tibetan son who sacrificed his life to protect the wild animals in Kokoxili.

On both sides not far from Kunlun Pass, Yuxu Peak and Yuxian Peak, which are above 6,000 meters above sea level, are graceful and graceful. They are covered in silver all year round and are surrounded by clouds and mist, forming the famous Kunlun June Snow Miracle

Yuxu Peak, located on the east side of Kunlun Mountain Pass

This is a snow-capped ice peak with an altitude of more than 6,500 meters. The top of the peak is towering and towering. The mountain is covered with snow and snow. The white clouds on the side of the mountain look like a graceful woman in silver, standing tall and proudly on the mountains.

According to legend, Yuxu Peak is the place where the Jade Emperor's sister, the Goddess of Yuxu, lives. Legend has it that when the Jade Emperor saw that Kunlun Mountain was majestic and tall, majestic, with a variety of scenes, and was very close to the heaven, he built a Xuanyuan Palace on the top of Kunlun Mountain. When the Jade Emperor's sister Yuxu learned about it, he was very dissatisfied and said that the Jade Emperor occupied too many places, not only occupied the sky, but also had to take good places on the ground as already.

The Jade Emperor had no choice but to give one of the peaks to Yuxu. Yuxu built a pure, beautiful and beautiful palace for himself on this mountain, and often brought his sisters to visit here, so this mountain is called Yuxu Peak.

Kunlun Bridge is also known as Yibu Tianjian Bridge. It is located at the foot of Kunlun Mountain in the southern part of Golmud, about 50 kilometers away from Golmud City. It is a major dangerous pass on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway. Kunlun Bridge is built on Yibu Tianjian. It is only more than four meters long and is a steel and concrete bridge. The spectacular Kunlun Bridge is not in the bridge itself, but in the flying rock cliffs and deep ravines under the bridge. It originates from the Golmud River, which is composed of snow and spring water in the Kunlun Mountains. It flows down from the alpine canyon with an altitude of more than 4,000 meters. The surging river water has long washed the thousand slates of the valley into a Shixia dangerous valley with a depth of more than 40 meters and a wide range of several meters. The narrowest part is only about four meters. On both sides of the Kunlun Bridge, the cliffs are opposite, with strange rocks, the top of the valley is flat, the bottom of the valley is deep, and the situation is extremely dangerous.

People stood on the bridge and looked over and saw the turbulent river water, rushing and roaring in the deep and steep little holes, constantly stirring up layers of snow-white waves, making waves like thunder, which was really dazzling and terrifying.