Kunlun Mountain starts from the Pamir Plateau in the west, and spans Qinghai, Sichuan, Xinjiang and Tibet in the mainland of my country. The highest peak is Gonggeer Peak located in Wucha County, Kyrgiz Autonomous Prefecture, Kizilsu, Xinjiang. Kunlun Mountain is the cradle of ancient myths and legends in my country. According to legend, the immortal lord of Kunlun Mountain is the Queen Mother of the West. In "The Legend of the Emperor Mu", there is the legend that Mu Wang Ba Jun crossed the Chishui River and the Queen Mother of Kunlun Yaochi meets the Queen Mother of the Kunlun Yaochi, which is recorded in many ancient books. Yaochi, is the Black Sea at the source of Kunlun River, which is 4,300 meters above sea level. The lake is clear, with birds and birds in groups, wild animals appearing, and the weather is endless. In the Bison Gou that passes through the Kunlun River, there are precious Bison Gou rock paintings. Not far from the Black Sea is the legendary Jiang Taigong who has been practicing the Five Elements Avenue for 40 years. Yuxu Peak and Yuzhu Peak have been covered with silver for many years, and the mountains are covered with clouds and mist. Kunlun Spring, located on the north bank of Kunlun River, is the largest unfreezing spring in Kunlun Mountains, forming the Kunlun June Eclipse wonder, with a large and stable water volume. It is said that it is the spring water used by Queen Mother of the West to brew nectar and jade liquid. It is a high-quality mineral water. It originates from the middle reaches of the Golmud River in Kunlun Mountains. It has long eroded thousands of slates, forming a natural danger wonder with a canyon cliff facing each other and a deeper depth of dozens of meters.
The Kunlun Mountains are separated by deep and large faults from the Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin. The Kunlun Mountains were formerly the Sinian system as the base. During the Paleozoic period, it was a strong sinking sea area accompanied by volcanic activities. At the end of the Paleozoic period, the folds of the Hualixi movement rose, forming the central axis of Kunlun and the middle ridge of the mountain range. The Mesozoic period caused a sinking, and formed the mountain body more than 4,000 meters on both sides of the main ridge through the Yàn Mountains. The Kunlun Mountains and the latitude mountain ranges that divide southern and northern China.
The new tectonic movement of the Kunlun Mountains is extremely strong. Since the late Tertiary period, the gravel layer in the Yarkand falls is more than 2,500 meters thick. The Quaternary volcanic tuff and volcanic breccia are distributed on the high-level land of the river valley. The Mid-Pleistocene basalt flow and crater are preserved in the upper reaches of the Klya River and Andir River. In 1951, Volcano No. 1 of the Kardasi volcano group in Kunlun Mountains in Tian County erupted and accompanied by modern volcanic mudslides. The eastern Kunlun Mountains has risen more than 2,800 meters since the Quaternary period. The burial depth of its related sediments in the Qaidam Basin is 2,800 meters. The new tectonic movement of the Kunlun Mountains is intermittent. The Yarkand River, Krakash River, and Niya River all form four to five terraces, and the outflow of each river has formed four to five levels of overlapping flood fans.
In many places in this combination of mountains, the Kunlun Mountain is composed of two or three parallel ridges, rather than just one ridge, especially in the western part of the mountain. In the Sarekol Ridge, the place where Kunlun Mountain spends from Pamir, a short branch called Agil Mountain to the north actually has some of the highest peaks. The Gongge Mountain is 7,719 meters high and the Muztag Mountain is 7,546 meters high. Just south of the Oasis City, a major bifurcation appeared. The Suramutag Peak of Alkin Mountain is squandered from Alkin Mountain., Going northeast and further east, the northern edge of Kunlun Mountain forms a vast southern boundary of the Qaidam Basin, with scattered salt lakes scattered among the mountains in the middle of the mountain. The highest peak of the main ridge of the West Kunlun Mountain is Kriya Peak, which is as high as 7,120 meters. Several peaks with a height of more than 6,096 meters produce the aerial outlines from the central to the eastern part of Kunlun Mountain, including Muzitag Peak and Bukadaban Peak. The surrounding plains are above 4,800 meters above sea level, so these mountains are not as prominent as other high mountains in Asia.
The northern slope of Kunlun Mountain is near the driest center of the Asian continent. It belongs to the warm temperate Tarim Desert and Qaidam Desert. The precipitation of the mountain is less than 100 mm in the past year, 60 mm in the west and 20 mm in the east, and Ruoqiang is only fifteen to twenty mm in the east. The annual precipitation increases slightly with the increase of the mountain altitude. The warm temperate desert is replaced by alpine deserts. It consists of unique cushion-shaped camel velvet and Tibetan chrysanthemums. It originates from the rivers on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains. It has a long history and flows into the Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin.
The Xin-Tibet Highway through Saitura in the upper Krakash River and Maza in the upper Yarkand River constitutes the water division boundary in the west and middle sections of the Kunlun Mountains. The main mountain passes in the western section include the Uzibeli Pass, Mingtiegai Pass, Hongqilafudaban and Kangxiwa, etc., which are the main transportation routes to Afghanistan and Pakistan. There are three peaks located at the West Kunlun Mountains with an altitude of more than 7,000 meters and seven peaks above 6,000 meters. The average altitude is 5,500 to 6,000 meters. The obstruction of many mountains makes the annual precipitation in the Krakash Valley only 25 to 30 mm, and the precipitation near the snow line reaches about 300 mm. The precipitation near the northern slope is greater than the southern slope. The main peak forms the center of the modern alpine glacier. The annual average temperature isotherm is roughly along the four-kilometer contour line. The annual average temperature of the highest mountain belt is minus fifteen to seven.5 degrees below the snow line. The precipitation near the northern slope is greater than that of the southern slope. The main peak forms the center of the action of modern alpine glaciers. The annual average temperature isotherm roughly along the four-kilometer contour line. The annual average temperature of the highest mountain belt is minus fifteen to seven.5 degrees below the bottom.
The northern slope of the western section of the mountain is mountain desert and alpine desert landscape. The front mountain and the lower part of the Zhongshan Belt are red sand and Hetou grass desert, gravel mountain brown desert soil, the upper part is grassland-based desert dominated by artemisia Kunlun, the lower part is Hetou grass desert, the upper part is purple flower stitch and silver fescue dominant mountain grassland, small snow-ridge spruce forests appear on the shade slope, forming a mountain forest grassland with mountain grassland, in the 3,000-meter wide valley of TashkurganIt is a high-level swamped meadow, with rice-dry moraine hills and ice water alluvial fans distributed shrub deserts dominated by male and female ephedra. More than 4,000 meters on both sides of the valley are high-cold deserts dominated by artemisia sycamore and cushion-shaped camel velvet. The mountains of 4,500 to 5,500 meters are prickly pine, and the alpine half-shrub deserts are high-cold and semi-shrub deserts. The lower part of the mountain with an altitude of 5,500 to 6,500 meters are high-cold sparse vegetation, the upper part is cold and frozen weathering zone, and more than 6,500 meters are alpine ice and snow zones.
Located on the nine Osaka Mountains of the Xin-Tibet Highway and Cherchen River, namely 77 degrees to 86 degrees east longitude, the main vein is slightly arc-shaped to the south. The Kriya Pass and the Kramilan Pass are the section connecting the Xinjiang-Tibet channel. There are eight peaks with an altitude of more than 6,000 meters in the middle Kunlun Mountains, such as Wuzitag, Mushi Mountain, and Qiongmuzitag, with an average altitude of 5,000 to 5,500 meters, and the northern slope snow line is 5,100 to 5,800 meters. The main rivers include the Krakash River, Yulong Kashgar River, Kriya River, Niya River and Andir River. Except for the Hotan River, the Krakash River and the Yulong Kashgar River, the water volume is relatively large., It is beneficial to irrigation, other rivers soon submerged into the Taklamakan Desert after they came out of the mountain. The lower part of the mountain was Hetou grass, the red sand semi-shrub desert, the brown desert soil, the upper part was a grassland-based desert with sand-grown stitches, the brown calcium soil, the upper part was a high-altitude desert, the upper part was a cold and cold weathered zone, and the higher peaks were ice and snow zones.
It spreads slightly to the east, divided into three branches: the northern branch Qimantage Mountain, separated from the Ayakkumu Basin in the south, the east extension is Tangsongwula Mountain, the Buerhanbuda Mountain, the middle branch is Arge Mountain, and the east extension is Bokarektage Mountain, the Tangsongwula Mountain and Buqing Mountain, and the topography is connected to Animachqing Mountain. The southern branch is the main mountain range on the Qingnan Plateau, and the east extension is connected to it. Kunlun Mountain Pass is the only way to pass on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway.
There are four peaks above 6,000 meters above sea level in the East Kunlun Mountains, eight peaks above 5,000 meters, with an average altitude of 4,500 to 500 meters. The snow is distributed on the peaks above 5,800 meters. The height of the snow line in the Kunlun Mountain Pass area is 5,200 meters north slope and 5,400 meters south slope. The annual average temperature near the snow line is minus nine degrees to minus eight degrees below 8, and the annual average temperature in the Xidatan area between the mountain valleys is less than minus three degrees below 3, with an annual precipitation of about 350 mm. The annual precipitation at the top of the mountain has increased slightly. The lower boundary of modern permafrost on the northern slope of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is about 4,200 meters.
The main rivers include the Cherchen River that flows into the Tarim Basin, and the Narenguel River, the Utumeren River, and the Qaidam River that flow into the Qaidam Basin. The former is supplied by melting water from ice and snow, belongs to the Tarim flowing water system, and the latter four are supplied by precipitation and lake water, belongs to the Qaidam flowing water system.
The northern slope of the mountain is a desertified grassland. It is a dry and eroded bedrock mountainous land below 3,600 meters above sea level. There is almost no plant growth. There are cushion-shaped camel velvet, red sand, and ertou grass desert. The transition from 3,600 to 3,800 meters to purple-flowered meadow subalpine grassland. The underground part of the mountain is mainly prairie-shaped alpine meadows mainly with small sycamore grass. The upper part is cushion-shaped vegetation. The transition from 4,500 to 5,000 meters to sparse alpine planting clusters and cold weathering zones. The upper part is cushion-shaped vegetation. The transition from 4,500 to 5,000 meters to sparse alpine planting clusters and cold weathering zones. The upper part is 5,500 meters to be an alpine ice and snow zone.
Kunlun Mountain is an integral part of the only intrafluidic water system in Central Asia. It is mainly related to the Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin to the north and the Tibet Plateau in the south. Only the eastern branch of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River are located in the easternmost branch of the mountain system where the source of the Yangtze River is located has a water system that injects into the ocean. The mountain has two main river networks, originating from the Karakoram Mountains and the river in northern Tibet. The flowing water cuts the canyon and passes through the entire Kunlun Mountain chain. There are also small rivers that leak out the flowing water on the outer hillside. The main river forms a long and winding valley. There are several rivers that provide irrigation water for the oasis on the northern edge of the Kunlun Mountains.
Although Kunlun Mountain River receives some rainwater, it is mainly supplied by snow and glaciers. The flow varies from season to season, with 60 to 80% flow occurring in summer months. At this time, the strong melting of ice and snow combined with the maximum precipitation, and the strong evaporation of snow and glaciers leads to the formation of shallow salt lakes.
Although the mountain is very high, it has almost no glacial effect due to its extremely dry climate. The snow covers only exists in the deep gaps of the highest peak. The main center of glacier activity appears at an altitude of about 7,000 meters. All glaciers are eye-catching for their extraordinary steepness and lack of melt water. The mountain is almost completely unaffected by the climate of the Indian Ocean and Pacific monsoons. On the contrary, it is under the continuous influence of continental air masses, causing huge fluctuations in annual temperatures and daily temperatures. The middle section of the mountain system is the driest, while the climate in the west and east is somewhat alleviated.
The Kunlun Mountains are separated by deep and large faults from the Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin. The Kunlun Mountains were formerly the Sinian system as the base. During the Paleozoic period, it was a strong sinking sea area accompanied by volcanic activities. At the end of the Paleozoic period, the folds of the Hualixi movement rose, forming the central axis of Kunlun and the middle ridge of the mountain range. The Mesozoic period caused a sinking, and formed the mountain body more than 4,000 meters on both sides of the main ridge through the Yàn Mountains. The Kunlun Mountains and the latitude mountain ranges that divide southern and northern China.
The new tectonic movement of the Kunlun Mountains is extremely strong. Since the late Tertiary period, the gravel layer in the Yarkand falls is more than 2,500 meters thick. The Quaternary volcanic tuff and volcanic breccia are distributed on the high-level land of the river valley. The Mid-Pleistocene basalt flow and crater are preserved in the upper reaches of the Klya River and Andir River. In 1951, Volcano No. 1 of the Kardasi volcano group in Kunlun Mountains in Tian County erupted and accompanied by modern volcanic mudslides. The eastern Kunlun Mountains has risen more than 2,800 meters since the Quaternary period. The burial depth of its related sediments in the Qaidam Basin is 2,800 meters. The new tectonic movement of the Kunlun Mountains is intermittent. The Yarkand River, Krakash River, and Niya River all form four to five terraces, and the outflow of each river has formed four to five levels of overlapping flood fans.
In many places in this combination of mountains, the Kunlun Mountain is composed of two or three parallel ridges, rather than just one ridge, especially in the western part of the mountain. In the Sarekol Ridge, the place where Kunlun Mountain spends from Pamir, a short branch called Agil Mountain to the north actually has some of the highest peaks. The Gongge Mountain is 7,719 meters high and the Muztag Mountain is 7,546 meters high. Just south of the Oasis City, a major bifurcation appeared. The Suramutag Peak of Alkin Mountain is squandered from Alkin Mountain., Going northeast and further east, the northern edge of Kunlun Mountain forms a vast southern boundary of the Qaidam Basin, with scattered salt lakes scattered among the mountains in the middle of the mountain. The highest peak of the main ridge of the West Kunlun Mountain is Kriya Peak, which is as high as 7,120 meters. Several peaks with a height of more than 6,096 meters produce the aerial outlines from the central to the eastern part of Kunlun Mountain, including Muzitag Peak and Bukadaban Peak. The surrounding plains are above 4,800 meters above sea level, so these mountains are not as prominent as other high mountains in Asia.
The northern slope of Kunlun Mountain is near the driest center of the Asian continent. It belongs to the warm temperate Tarim Desert and Qaidam Desert. The precipitation of the mountain is less than 100 mm in the past year, 60 mm in the west and 20 mm in the east, and Ruoqiang is only fifteen to twenty mm in the east. The annual precipitation increases slightly with the increase of the mountain altitude. The warm temperate desert is replaced by alpine deserts. It consists of unique cushion-shaped camel velvet and Tibetan chrysanthemums. It originates from the rivers on the northern slope of the Kunlun Mountains. It has a long history and flows into the Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin.
The Xin-Tibet Highway through Saitura in the upper Krakash River and Maza in the upper Yarkand River constitutes the water division boundary in the west and middle sections of the Kunlun Mountains. The main mountain passes in the western section include the Uzibeli Pass, Mingtiegai Pass, Hongqilafudaban and Kangxiwa, etc., which are the main transportation routes to Afghanistan and Pakistan. There are three peaks located at the West Kunlun Mountains with an altitude of more than 7,000 meters and seven peaks above 6,000 meters. The average altitude is 5,500 to 6,000 meters. The obstruction of many mountains makes the annual precipitation in the Krakash Valley only 25 to 30 mm, and the precipitation near the snow line reaches about 300 mm. The precipitation near the northern slope is greater than the southern slope. The main peak forms the center of the modern alpine glacier. The annual average temperature isotherm is roughly along the four-kilometer contour line. The annual average temperature of the highest mountain belt is minus fifteen to seven.5 degrees below the snow line. The precipitation near the northern slope is greater than that of the southern slope. The main peak forms the center of the action of modern alpine glaciers. The annual average temperature isotherm roughly along the four-kilometer contour line. The annual average temperature of the highest mountain belt is minus fifteen to seven.5 degrees below the bottom.
The northern slope of the western section of the mountain is mountain desert and alpine desert landscape. The front mountain and the lower part of the Zhongshan Belt are red sand and Hetou grass desert, gravel mountain brown desert soil, the upper part is grassland-based desert dominated by artemisia Kunlun, the lower part is Hetou grass desert, the upper part is purple flower stitch and silver fescue dominant mountain grassland, small snow-ridge spruce forests appear on the shade slope, forming a mountain forest grassland with mountain grassland, in the 3,000-meter wide valley of TashkurganIt is a high-level swamped meadow, with rice-dry moraine hills and ice water alluvial fans distributed shrub deserts dominated by male and female ephedra. More than 4,000 meters on both sides of the valley are high-cold deserts dominated by artemisia sycamore and cushion-shaped camel velvet. The mountains of 4,500 to 5,500 meters are prickly pine, and the alpine half-shrub deserts are high-cold and semi-shrub deserts. The lower part of the mountain with an altitude of 5,500 to 6,500 meters are high-cold sparse vegetation, the upper part is cold and frozen weathering zone, and more than 6,500 meters are alpine ice and snow zones.
Located on the nine Osaka Mountains of the Xin-Tibet Highway and Cherchen River, namely 77 degrees to 86 degrees east longitude, the main vein is slightly arc-shaped to the south. The Kriya Pass and the Kramilan Pass are the section connecting the Xinjiang-Tibet channel. There are eight peaks with an altitude of more than 6,000 meters in the middle Kunlun Mountains, such as Wuzitag, Mushi Mountain, and Qiongmuzitag, with an average altitude of 5,000 to 5,500 meters, and the northern slope snow line is 5,100 to 5,800 meters. The main rivers include the Krakash River, Yulong Kashgar River, Kriya River, Niya River and Andir River. Except for the Hotan River, the Krakash River and the Yulong Kashgar River, the water volume is relatively large., It is beneficial to irrigation, other rivers soon submerged into the Taklamakan Desert after they came out of the mountain. The lower part of the mountain was Hetou grass, the red sand semi-shrub desert, the brown desert soil, the upper part was a grassland-based desert with sand-grown stitches, the brown calcium soil, the upper part was a high-altitude desert, the upper part was a cold and cold weathered zone, and the higher peaks were ice and snow zones.
It spreads slightly to the east, divided into three branches: the northern branch Qimantage Mountain, separated from the Ayakkumu Basin in the south, the east extension is Tangsongwula Mountain, the Buerhanbuda Mountain, the middle branch is Arge Mountain, and the east extension is Bokarektage Mountain, the Tangsongwula Mountain and Buqing Mountain, and the topography is connected to Animachqing Mountain. The southern branch is the main mountain range on the Qingnan Plateau, and the east extension is connected to it. Kunlun Mountain Pass is the only way to pass on the Qinghai-Tibet Highway.
There are four peaks above 6,000 meters above sea level in the East Kunlun Mountains, eight peaks above 5,000 meters, with an average altitude of 4,500 to 500 meters. The snow is distributed on the peaks above 5,800 meters. The height of the snow line in the Kunlun Mountain Pass area is 5,200 meters north slope and 5,400 meters south slope. The annual average temperature near the snow line is minus nine degrees to minus eight degrees below 8, and the annual average temperature in the Xidatan area between the mountain valleys is less than minus three degrees below 3, with an annual precipitation of about 350 mm. The annual precipitation at the top of the mountain has increased slightly. The lower boundary of modern permafrost on the northern slope of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is about 4,200 meters.
The main rivers include the Cherchen River that flows into the Tarim Basin, and the Narenguel River, the Utumeren River, and the Qaidam River that flow into the Qaidam Basin. The former is supplied by melting water from ice and snow, belongs to the Tarim flowing water system, and the latter four are supplied by precipitation and lake water, belongs to the Qaidam flowing water system.
The northern slope of the mountain is a desertified grassland. It is a dry and eroded bedrock mountainous land below 3,600 meters above sea level. There is almost no plant growth. There are cushion-shaped camel velvet, red sand, and ertou grass desert. The transition from 3,600 to 3,800 meters to purple-flowered meadow subalpine grassland. The underground part of the mountain is mainly prairie-shaped alpine meadows mainly with small sycamore grass. The upper part is cushion-shaped vegetation. The transition from 4,500 to 5,000 meters to sparse alpine planting clusters and cold weathering zones. The upper part is cushion-shaped vegetation. The transition from 4,500 to 5,000 meters to sparse alpine planting clusters and cold weathering zones. The upper part is 5,500 meters to be an alpine ice and snow zone.
Kunlun Mountain is an integral part of the only intrafluidic water system in Central Asia. It is mainly related to the Tarim Basin and Qaidam Basin to the north and the Tibet Plateau in the south. Only the eastern branch of the Yellow River and the Yangtze River are located in the easternmost branch of the mountain system where the source of the Yangtze River is located has a water system that injects into the ocean. The mountain has two main river networks, originating from the Karakoram Mountains and the river in northern Tibet. The flowing water cuts the canyon and passes through the entire Kunlun Mountain chain. There are also small rivers that leak out the flowing water on the outer hillside. The main river forms a long and winding valley. There are several rivers that provide irrigation water for the oasis on the northern edge of the Kunlun Mountains.
Although Kunlun Mountain River receives some rainwater, it is mainly supplied by snow and glaciers. The flow varies from season to season, with 60 to 80% flow occurring in summer months. At this time, the strong melting of ice and snow combined with the maximum precipitation, and the strong evaporation of snow and glaciers leads to the formation of shallow salt lakes.
Although the mountain is very high, it has almost no glacial effect due to its extremely dry climate. The snow covers only exists in the deep gaps of the highest peak. The main center of glacier activity appears at an altitude of about 7,000 meters. All glaciers are eye-catching for their extraordinary steepness and lack of melt water. The mountain is almost completely unaffected by the climate of the Indian Ocean and Pacific monsoons. On the contrary, it is under the continuous influence of continental air masses, causing huge fluctuations in annual temperatures and daily temperatures. The middle section of the mountain system is the driest, while the climate in the west and east is somewhat alleviated.
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