Just like when he returned to school from the holiday many years ago, Zhang Ning gradually began to calm down because he knew that external competitors were preparing for the next action in an effort.
This kind of self-conscious concentration is not because of self-control, but a psychological habit formed in many years of previous lives. The competition in modern society is extremely fierce, and he has never felt a life without worries about food and clothing before, so he has formed a mentality that can only survive by maintaining an engaged mindset.
Improvement in work and study can make him feel at ease, an irreplaceable dose of psychological comfort.
He is an insecure person. When he was in Jiujiang City, he was constantly worried about what he should do. He considered what Yao Ji would happen to Zhang Xiaomei. Too many problems and setups would be unthinkable. Only by keeping a clear plan and trying to do the best can he downplay such worries.
He didn't have to do anything and interfere with the operation of the bureaucratic system too much, and he returned to his previous life.It doesn't seem busy, but people can always find it in time when they need to find it.
He and Xu Zixin have been closest recently. This man who just served as a small official of the Ministry of War has been transferred from Jiangxi, but Zhang Ning has not allowed him to set off yet.
I wonder if Xu Zixin can be called a shipbuilding expert. After all, this young man devotes most of his life to the Jinshi exam, but Zhang Ning can judge that he is at least very familiar with shipbuilding and can find a group of familiar experts, which is enough.
On the grounds of the Chengbei School, Ma Dapeng of the Weapon Bureau and a group of craftsmen were testing a cannon.
This is not a new artillery, and it belongs to the same casting technology as the long-barrel field artillery installed by the Army, but it has been stored in the arsenal for a long time.
When the Weapons Bureau developed field artillery, it tried to build two such medium cannons, which weighed three kilograms with solid bullets. However, it later felt that the caliber was too small and the shell was too light and not powerful enough. The Weapons Bureau cast heavy artillery that is now equipped with the Yongding Camp Army, weighing nearly a thousand kilograms.
However, the army artillery cannot be equipped with warships. The naval fleet currently prepared by the Suzaku Army is an inland ship, so it cannot use too heavy artillery.
Therefore, the choice of the side gun made the two medium-sized long-barrel guns that were put on hold in hand...
The flat-bottomed river ship can carry, and it is a long-barrel flat-fired cannon, which seems to meet the requirements of all factors.
Even if Zhang Ning is not very familiar with the navy, he can understand that the normal intelligence imagination is that the side cannon is of course a flat-fired long-barrel cannon: the accuracy of shaking on the water is lower, and the effect of volleys at a closer distance is better. The extremely fast speed of the long-barrel cannon can cause great destructive power.
There are only two difficulties. First, it takes a lot of copper to cast a large number of long-barrel cannons again. No matter how they are collected, they cannot meet the raw material needs. At present, the Vermilion Bird Army does not have the technology to cast long-barrel cannons with just iron, and copper is required.
Second, how to eliminate the rear shock force of the side cannon.
The first difficulty is unsolvable. No one can turn the stone into copper material, and there is no way to prevent the high-pressure cannon from exploding without using copper.But the second difficulty soon emerged.
First of all, Xu Zixin proposed to increase the stability and load draft of the ship from the shape of the hull, flatten the bottom and widen the hull, cancel the stairs on the deck, and make the battleship a flat shape. Of course, it is less likely to be affected by the rear shock force, and the ship will not be drafted too deeply due to a large number of metal cannons.
When Zhang Ning saw the picture drawn by Xu Zixin, he couldn't tell what it felt. He was wide and flat like a turtle, which was very different from the narrow and domineering battleship he imagined...
Sure enough, reality and dream are still a bit far apart.
However, he still reluctantly accepted it. After all, the navy was not used to watch, but to adapt to the purpose of inland river combat, the slender and pointed sea ships were inconvenient to sail in the Yangtze River.
However, Zhang Ning also made a suggestion to let them put the side guns into the cabin under the deck, because Zhang Ning had never seen the wooden ships deployed on the deck with the side guns.
Secondly, in terms of the design of the side gun, Xu Zixin's dock staff proposed to buffer the recoil after the gun was fired with hinges and inlaid rails in the gun position.
Of course, this design has no theoretical foundation, it only depends on experience. Even the convex gun must be pressed backward when firing. The same is true for artillery, which is an obvious phenomenon.
How long does the buffer hinge track need to be built and how much rear impact it needs to withstand?According to the craftsmen, they could only wait for the ship to build one on the Jiangxi dock, and then try it repeatedly to get experience.
This stupid method is too troublesome, so Zhang Ning decided to calculate the rear impact directly based on the selected cannon.This is also what a group of people have to do on the school ground today.
A tent was set up on the side of the school ground, and two stools were used to support a chopping board. There were Zhang Ning and a group of officials, as well as the leader of the Weapon Bureau.
There is also Li Zhenji's guard outside.
There were hundreds of people around and ten fiddling with something.
From time to time, a muffled thunder cannon sounded, and the sound was very loud, which could shake the door panels in the tent.
Such cannon sounds can spread throughout Wuchang City, which is also a major feature of this city.
Every time the Weapon Bureau builds a cannon, it will go to the school ground to test it, and it will only dare to deliver it to the army without blowing the chamber; so the people have been used to it for a long time.
At this time, the gun muzzle in the test is completely level with the flat ground, and the range is not far due to the low placement height.
Zhang Ning chose to completely ignore the air resistance and use the parabola formula to calculate the accurate speed of the shell's bore outflow.
The horizontal distance of the shell landing, the height of the muzzle center minus the real secondary core bullet radius; the gravity acceleration is known.
A simple system of quadratic equations first calculates the time by height, and then calculates the initial velocity of the bore using the time and horizontal distance.
Then, based on the conservation of momentum theorem, the initial velocity of the back seat of the gun is calculated by weighing the weight of the gun and the weight of the shell.
Then, through the impulse formula, it is easy to list the data table between the length of the buffer hinge track and the impulse force.
The entire experiment calculation is very simple and can be calculated by middle school students.
However, Zhang Ning also encountered a little trouble. The unit of data that brought in gravity acceleration was meters squared per second, but the length and size units used at this time were completely different.
The scale units of the Weapon Bureau have been standardized, with a size of 100 meters. Although it can be calculated that it is about 100 meters or 3 meters, it is difficult to avoid a large error...
Rice is a common measurement in the modern world and has nothing to do with the local size of the Ming Dynasty.
Moreover, the unit of time calculated also originated from Western clock and watch machinery, and the units used in the Ming Dynasty were completely different from those used in the same way as those used in the Ming Dynasty.
So Zhang Ning had to use tools such as iron balls and hourglass on the city tower to re-measure the gravity acceleration in the current units.
After a simple calculation, Zhang Ning worked hard and finally formulated a data table after many twists and turns.
From this matter, he realized again how difficult it is to explore to complete a simple scientific and technological experiment in an environment without a foundation.
……
However, the Weapons Archives Department has added another valuable information, which is the data on gravity acceleration.Completely adopt new data on the length unit of the Weapon Bureau and the snap of the finger time unit.
At the same time, Zhang Ning's calculation process was also regarded as a treasure by the clerk and craftsman leader of the Weapon Bureau.
They have begun to study the various formulas left by Zhang Ning, with Chinese character annotations for symbols and Arabic numerals. Some people have already understood the basics, but they think that in-depth research will be very profound...
They can already bring the formulas of the weapons bureau to calculate and formulate the formulas themselves, which is also the result.
Why do clerks and craftsmen be extremely enthusiastic about the mysterious things Zhang Ning has tinkered with?
Just like a school or a craftsman's disciple, the disciples will think that what they learn from the master is a kind of inheritance...
Obviously, it is of great benefit to inherit the legacy of King Xiang and his disciples claim to be a great deal.
This influence comes from power rather than academics themselves.
After the Battle of Jiujiang, there was a remark circulating among the people. Some people believed that King Xiang had met half-immortal masters in the deep mountains and learned some mysterious knowledge that was not the human world. The symbols he often wrote like ghost-painted talismans also cleverly made this rumor more credible.
Even many officials who have read the books of sages believe that the King of Xiang has indeed passed down from a master and hermit.
People always want to deify kings and princes and add some mysterious halo to them, just like legends such as lightning and thunder when Emperor Gaozu of Han Liu Bang was born.
The King of Hunan can do everything.
The shipbuilding craftsmen and officials discussed the structure of the new ship together. He was always able to put forward some ideas just right, and after people pondered, these ideas were always clever and reasonable...
For example, the side cannon was placed under the deck, and Xu Zixin's aide quickly wrote a thousand words to discuss the pros and cons of this design.
However, such discussions cannot last for too long, because the matter in Jiangxi is urgent. Xu Zixin needs to take office as Jiujiang immediately and bring his group of staff and craftsman leaders to avoid problems in a series of preparations.
Yu Qian has sent a official consultation to prepare for naval ships in Jiangxi.
We must dig a canal to directly connect Bali Lake and the Yangtze River; build a dock on the shore of Bali Lake, and after construction, the lake is drained and irrigated the dock fortifications.
Whether there are any problems with a series of projects requires Xu Zixin's team to visit the site for inspection and evaluation. This group of people, including civil servants, clerks, and experienced craftsmen, directly attracted a complete talent system from Yuezhou.
The design of the main battleship of the Zhuque Army Navy has not been completed yet. Xu Zixin submitted a report to Jiangxi to make a conclusion before submitting it to the Ministry of War.
Before leaving, Zhang Ning reminded Xu Zixin and Yu Qian to have a good relationship, because the money and materials needed for shipbuilding mainly rely on Jiangxi resources and Yu Qian must prepare them properly.
One day, Xu Zixin suddenly asked Zhang Ning to name the new ship of the navy, and then asked temporarily. Zhang Ning casually mentioned: The warship is wide and stable, so just call it the safe ship.
Everyone around immediately agreed, and it was easy for everyone to think that the previous word "Ping An" in King Xiang was named after it, so of course they had to agree with it.
This kind of self-conscious concentration is not because of self-control, but a psychological habit formed in many years of previous lives. The competition in modern society is extremely fierce, and he has never felt a life without worries about food and clothing before, so he has formed a mentality that can only survive by maintaining an engaged mindset.
Improvement in work and study can make him feel at ease, an irreplaceable dose of psychological comfort.
He is an insecure person. When he was in Jiujiang City, he was constantly worried about what he should do. He considered what Yao Ji would happen to Zhang Xiaomei. Too many problems and setups would be unthinkable. Only by keeping a clear plan and trying to do the best can he downplay such worries.
He didn't have to do anything and interfere with the operation of the bureaucratic system too much, and he returned to his previous life.It doesn't seem busy, but people can always find it in time when they need to find it.
He and Xu Zixin have been closest recently. This man who just served as a small official of the Ministry of War has been transferred from Jiangxi, but Zhang Ning has not allowed him to set off yet.
I wonder if Xu Zixin can be called a shipbuilding expert. After all, this young man devotes most of his life to the Jinshi exam, but Zhang Ning can judge that he is at least very familiar with shipbuilding and can find a group of familiar experts, which is enough.
On the grounds of the Chengbei School, Ma Dapeng of the Weapon Bureau and a group of craftsmen were testing a cannon.
This is not a new artillery, and it belongs to the same casting technology as the long-barrel field artillery installed by the Army, but it has been stored in the arsenal for a long time.
When the Weapons Bureau developed field artillery, it tried to build two such medium cannons, which weighed three kilograms with solid bullets. However, it later felt that the caliber was too small and the shell was too light and not powerful enough. The Weapons Bureau cast heavy artillery that is now equipped with the Yongding Camp Army, weighing nearly a thousand kilograms.
However, the army artillery cannot be equipped with warships. The naval fleet currently prepared by the Suzaku Army is an inland ship, so it cannot use too heavy artillery.
Therefore, the choice of the side gun made the two medium-sized long-barrel guns that were put on hold in hand...
The flat-bottomed river ship can carry, and it is a long-barrel flat-fired cannon, which seems to meet the requirements of all factors.
Even if Zhang Ning is not very familiar with the navy, he can understand that the normal intelligence imagination is that the side cannon is of course a flat-fired long-barrel cannon: the accuracy of shaking on the water is lower, and the effect of volleys at a closer distance is better. The extremely fast speed of the long-barrel cannon can cause great destructive power.
There are only two difficulties. First, it takes a lot of copper to cast a large number of long-barrel cannons again. No matter how they are collected, they cannot meet the raw material needs. At present, the Vermilion Bird Army does not have the technology to cast long-barrel cannons with just iron, and copper is required.
Second, how to eliminate the rear shock force of the side cannon.
The first difficulty is unsolvable. No one can turn the stone into copper material, and there is no way to prevent the high-pressure cannon from exploding without using copper.But the second difficulty soon emerged.
First of all, Xu Zixin proposed to increase the stability and load draft of the ship from the shape of the hull, flatten the bottom and widen the hull, cancel the stairs on the deck, and make the battleship a flat shape. Of course, it is less likely to be affected by the rear shock force, and the ship will not be drafted too deeply due to a large number of metal cannons.
When Zhang Ning saw the picture drawn by Xu Zixin, he couldn't tell what it felt. He was wide and flat like a turtle, which was very different from the narrow and domineering battleship he imagined...
Sure enough, reality and dream are still a bit far apart.
However, he still reluctantly accepted it. After all, the navy was not used to watch, but to adapt to the purpose of inland river combat, the slender and pointed sea ships were inconvenient to sail in the Yangtze River.
However, Zhang Ning also made a suggestion to let them put the side guns into the cabin under the deck, because Zhang Ning had never seen the wooden ships deployed on the deck with the side guns.
Secondly, in terms of the design of the side gun, Xu Zixin's dock staff proposed to buffer the recoil after the gun was fired with hinges and inlaid rails in the gun position.
Of course, this design has no theoretical foundation, it only depends on experience. Even the convex gun must be pressed backward when firing. The same is true for artillery, which is an obvious phenomenon.
How long does the buffer hinge track need to be built and how much rear impact it needs to withstand?According to the craftsmen, they could only wait for the ship to build one on the Jiangxi dock, and then try it repeatedly to get experience.
This stupid method is too troublesome, so Zhang Ning decided to calculate the rear impact directly based on the selected cannon.This is also what a group of people have to do on the school ground today.
A tent was set up on the side of the school ground, and two stools were used to support a chopping board. There were Zhang Ning and a group of officials, as well as the leader of the Weapon Bureau.
There is also Li Zhenji's guard outside.
There were hundreds of people around and ten fiddling with something.
From time to time, a muffled thunder cannon sounded, and the sound was very loud, which could shake the door panels in the tent.
Such cannon sounds can spread throughout Wuchang City, which is also a major feature of this city.
Every time the Weapon Bureau builds a cannon, it will go to the school ground to test it, and it will only dare to deliver it to the army without blowing the chamber; so the people have been used to it for a long time.
At this time, the gun muzzle in the test is completely level with the flat ground, and the range is not far due to the low placement height.
Zhang Ning chose to completely ignore the air resistance and use the parabola formula to calculate the accurate speed of the shell's bore outflow.
The horizontal distance of the shell landing, the height of the muzzle center minus the real secondary core bullet radius; the gravity acceleration is known.
A simple system of quadratic equations first calculates the time by height, and then calculates the initial velocity of the bore using the time and horizontal distance.
Then, based on the conservation of momentum theorem, the initial velocity of the back seat of the gun is calculated by weighing the weight of the gun and the weight of the shell.
Then, through the impulse formula, it is easy to list the data table between the length of the buffer hinge track and the impulse force.
The entire experiment calculation is very simple and can be calculated by middle school students.
However, Zhang Ning also encountered a little trouble. The unit of data that brought in gravity acceleration was meters squared per second, but the length and size units used at this time were completely different.
The scale units of the Weapon Bureau have been standardized, with a size of 100 meters. Although it can be calculated that it is about 100 meters or 3 meters, it is difficult to avoid a large error...
Rice is a common measurement in the modern world and has nothing to do with the local size of the Ming Dynasty.
Moreover, the unit of time calculated also originated from Western clock and watch machinery, and the units used in the Ming Dynasty were completely different from those used in the same way as those used in the Ming Dynasty.
So Zhang Ning had to use tools such as iron balls and hourglass on the city tower to re-measure the gravity acceleration in the current units.
After a simple calculation, Zhang Ning worked hard and finally formulated a data table after many twists and turns.
From this matter, he realized again how difficult it is to explore to complete a simple scientific and technological experiment in an environment without a foundation.
……
However, the Weapons Archives Department has added another valuable information, which is the data on gravity acceleration.Completely adopt new data on the length unit of the Weapon Bureau and the snap of the finger time unit.
At the same time, Zhang Ning's calculation process was also regarded as a treasure by the clerk and craftsman leader of the Weapon Bureau.
They have begun to study the various formulas left by Zhang Ning, with Chinese character annotations for symbols and Arabic numerals. Some people have already understood the basics, but they think that in-depth research will be very profound...
They can already bring the formulas of the weapons bureau to calculate and formulate the formulas themselves, which is also the result.
Why do clerks and craftsmen be extremely enthusiastic about the mysterious things Zhang Ning has tinkered with?
Just like a school or a craftsman's disciple, the disciples will think that what they learn from the master is a kind of inheritance...
Obviously, it is of great benefit to inherit the legacy of King Xiang and his disciples claim to be a great deal.
This influence comes from power rather than academics themselves.
After the Battle of Jiujiang, there was a remark circulating among the people. Some people believed that King Xiang had met half-immortal masters in the deep mountains and learned some mysterious knowledge that was not the human world. The symbols he often wrote like ghost-painted talismans also cleverly made this rumor more credible.
Even many officials who have read the books of sages believe that the King of Xiang has indeed passed down from a master and hermit.
People always want to deify kings and princes and add some mysterious halo to them, just like legends such as lightning and thunder when Emperor Gaozu of Han Liu Bang was born.
The King of Hunan can do everything.
The shipbuilding craftsmen and officials discussed the structure of the new ship together. He was always able to put forward some ideas just right, and after people pondered, these ideas were always clever and reasonable...
For example, the side cannon was placed under the deck, and Xu Zixin's aide quickly wrote a thousand words to discuss the pros and cons of this design.
However, such discussions cannot last for too long, because the matter in Jiangxi is urgent. Xu Zixin needs to take office as Jiujiang immediately and bring his group of staff and craftsman leaders to avoid problems in a series of preparations.
Yu Qian has sent a official consultation to prepare for naval ships in Jiangxi.
We must dig a canal to directly connect Bali Lake and the Yangtze River; build a dock on the shore of Bali Lake, and after construction, the lake is drained and irrigated the dock fortifications.
Whether there are any problems with a series of projects requires Xu Zixin's team to visit the site for inspection and evaluation. This group of people, including civil servants, clerks, and experienced craftsmen, directly attracted a complete talent system from Yuezhou.
The design of the main battleship of the Zhuque Army Navy has not been completed yet. Xu Zixin submitted a report to Jiangxi to make a conclusion before submitting it to the Ministry of War.
Before leaving, Zhang Ning reminded Xu Zixin and Yu Qian to have a good relationship, because the money and materials needed for shipbuilding mainly rely on Jiangxi resources and Yu Qian must prepare them properly.
One day, Xu Zixin suddenly asked Zhang Ning to name the new ship of the navy, and then asked temporarily. Zhang Ning casually mentioned: The warship is wide and stable, so just call it the safe ship.
Everyone around immediately agreed, and it was easy for everyone to think that the previous word "Ping An" in King Xiang was named after it, so of course they had to agree with it.
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