The border generals who fought against the Qing dynasty were eventually wiped out by the official army composed of the Beijing camp and local army.But the problems of the Ming Dynasty were far from being resolved, and they have just begun.
The rebels died, but the manifesto he left behind was still there and had a great impact.
Just like all internal and external wars in the Ming Dynasty, those who revived must first look for righteousness and be famous.
The border general and the people around him certainly understood these things, so he made the name of clearing the emperor's side and pointed directly at the emperor's treacherous ministers. The direct evidence was that the emperor personally scolded the court and was full of treacherous slander.
And count the crimes of those treacherous and slanderous people.
The general idea of the manifesto is that treacherous and slander rely on power to deceive the emperor, merge with official companies and erode national profits.
The upper class monopolizes power and wealth, and the people of 100 million are in poverty.
The court is corrupt and people are greedy. Wherever they want to deal with the government, they must seek personal gain and bribe, deceive superiors and subordinates, flattery become a trend, and the government will not be rectified, and the principles of the rule will be in chaos.
The ministers were in vain and poorly managed, and only focused on fighting for power and profit, which caused the people of the world to be extremely selfish, regardless of the rich or poor, and lacked a sense of public obligation.
From the court to the people, it is full of shamelessness and deception, moral decay, and rituals and music collapse.
At that time, there were already radio broadcasts, and the information of the manifesto was very extensive.
Moreover, the people among the people are no longer the people at the beginning of the country. Thanks to the popularization of education, the literacy rate is extremely high, and the people's wisdom is gradually increasing.
For a time, public opinion exploded and the government and the country were shaken.
The rebel army also promised to change the situation in the court after eliminating the treacherous officials and rebellious parties.At first it did not play much role because they were defeated by the government troops on the battlefield.
However, the rebel army, which had previously failed to suppress the border, has taken the opportunity to grow stronger, and the resistance organizations in various places have become a prairie fire.
As soon as the manifesto was released, uprisings and riots were everywhere, and half of the Ming Dynasty was almost paralyzed.
Even the Ming Dynasty capital riots also occurred.
The court immediately summoned the army and formed a large army with the Beijing camp and local military camps to go north to quell the rebellion.The cabinet's opinion is to first defeat the largest rebel army, first seize the people, and then divide and govern it.
Unfortunately, the local army turned against each other and the government army was defeated.The first battle ended and the situation was even more uncontrollable.
Some schools of opposition scholars joined the uprising army, summarized the lessons of the failure of uprisings in previous dynasties, proposed a complete set of strategies, which covered the military, government, finance and fields (now a historical document).
Therefore, the rebel army claimed that it would only deal with treacherous officials who were extremely guilty and adopted a strategy of winning over ordinary rich people and capitalists.
Sure enough, many places have surrendered to the hopeless wealthy people, including some knowledgeable people.
The rebel army collected scattered forces from all over the country, used surrendered officers to train new recruits, and requisitioned factories in various parts of the north to build weapons.
Heavy artillery was deployed in the north of the Yangtze River, and the fire blockade threatened the Ming naval fleet entering the river and was ready to advance south at any time.
The Ming Dynasty lost half of the wall, and at this time the emperor died suddenly and the capital was in chaos.
At that time, it was too late to find a member of the royal family to ascend the throne, and it was easy to continue to fight in the internal struggle because of whom.
The ministers in the court weighed the pros and cons, and used the new cabinet chief, military officials and nobles to form two ministers, civil and military ministers, imitated the Zhou Dynasty's Duke Ding and Duke Mu of Dukes, and temporarily led the court's military and national affairs with the republic system.
First, the commander of the capital garrison sent people to cross the river to negotiate, proposing that the rebel army protect the imperial city, Zhujiazong society, imperial tombs, and civilians. After the treaty was signed, the capital garrison offered the city.The rebel army agreed to the request.
So the capital surrendered, and the two prime ministers and some royal relatives led the capital camp to flee south.They ran directly to Guangzhou, which was one of the important industrial and trade centers of the Ming Dynasty, and then sent troops to deploy defenses in important places in the north.
At this time, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty should have seen the terrible situation when the great empire collapsed. The dynasty structure lacking buffering and release mechanisms, the overly rigid system, and the devastating destruction during the collapse.
They probably knew that they were wrong. The world was in chaos. If they did not change, they would definitely lead everyone to die together or live in vain, and no one would be spared.
Sichuan and other places are still watching. The Wei family in the Duke of Wei was in Sichuan and had a great prestige in the military. They also fled from the Beijing Administrator to Sichuan and defected to the Wang family of the Wei family. They are also famous families and have marriages with many nobles.
Overseas naval bases, Western America and Macau have not spoken out.
The two prime ministers of the Republic planned to win over these forces and then head north to fight against the rebels.
Of course, the rebel army also thought so, and they also wanted to win over the remaining elite troops and forces.
At the same time, the two sides fought in various parts of the south and progressed slowly.
Because the government army chose the right location, it built trench fortifications and mobilized a large number of artillery and first-generation armored vehicles to garrison. Such a battlefield is simply a meat grinder, and it is difficult to decide the winner in a short time.
The intensity of the war gradually decreased, and both sides began to win over and disagree.
The court finally took advantage of the war in the West and raised the banner of nationalism.This is a double-edged sword. The court had analyzed the pros and cons in detail before, but at this time, it was impossible to control so much.
At that time, Europe had become a mess, and De Yizhi was fighting fiercely with France; after Germany's ally Ottoman joined the war, it first rushed towards the army under the jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty, pulling the Ming Dynasty into the battle.
The Second Prime Minister's Government sent a military order to overseas military towns, ordering the nearby military port to increase troops.
At that time, the Second Prime Minister's Government in the south had greatly reduced industrial capacity and the front-line military ammunition inventory was seriously insufficient, but the Second Prime Minister's Government still sent a fleet to transport a large number of arms to the Western Front War Zone to maintain the sphere of influence of the Ming Dynasty.
In order to prevent overseas military forces from splitting the territory, the Ming Dynasty's military towns could not produce ammunition and weapons, let alone require more complex and heavy weapons in the industrial chain, so overseas arms are all based on local supply.
All government announcements began to promote nationalism and the Ming Dynasty's world sphere of influence must not be lost, and many decisions were made to support the testimony.
The rebel army occupying the capital made the decision to ascend the throne and proclaim himself emperor, and issued an edict overseas in the form of an edict.
The idea of the capital was to be justified and proclaimed; at that time, most people still failed to change their traditional concepts and believed that the Ming Dynasty must have an emperor.
But judging from the result, this is a stupid move.
Many overseas bases accepted military orders from the Second Prime Minister's Government and began to mobilize troops to help the West. Of course, they also accepted local arms and military pay.
The Wei family and the Wang family led the Sichuan military and joined the Second Prime Minister's Government. They were willing to obey all military and political orders of the government and declared that they had entered a state of war mobilization.
Although the official army is still at a disadvantage on the front battlefield, the overall situation has begun to reverse.It created prerequisites for the second large-scale battle later...
The European battlefield is changing rapidly, and countries are constantly being pulled into battle groups due to old contradictions.
First, the French Revolution caused wars between countries. As a result, De Yizhi couped under the pressure of war, and the theory of extreme nationalism and racial superiority were out of control. He made every effort to start the war machine, and together with the allies, he gained the advantage of the Western Front and expanded across the southern Europe, North Africa and the Arab region.
Britain, Russia, East and the United States have successively joined the war.
In the early days of the war, Britain and France were fighting, and they were originally enemies.Because the War of Independence broke out in East and America, France strongly supported America and wanted to weaken Britain.The British were in great flames.
However, with the development of the war, alliances such as De Yizhi were in a situation where they would unify Europe and at least dominate it.
The British immediately gave up their old grievances and joined the French camp, because in contrast, Britain has always pursued a policy of checks and balances on the mainland, and the dominance of Deyizhi touched its core interests.
In North Africa, the Ming army had long noticed the military threat and the Ottoman Empire was approaching.
After judging the situation, the Egyptian Governor's Office decided to abandon the Xigang Tun Fort on the east side of Alexandria and concentrate its troops on the East Port Fortress on the Suez Canal.
The Governor's Office's consideration is that the Mediterranean military port is hanging out, with insufficient reinforcements from the navy and is easily surrounded by heavy troops on land.When the Ottoman army invaded, defending Xigang to the death had no strategic significance.
However, according to the tradition of the Ming army, it is unreasonable to abandon the important city in the last battle.
So the garrison general of Xigang led 100 people to stay, and together with his position, destroyed it in the sky with his gunfire, and used his life to offset the blame for losing the city and abandoning the land.
The Ming army built several trench fortifications centered on Donggang Fortress, intending to defend the defense line to the death.
Among them, half of the fortresses made of steel and cement are underground and half on the ground, and have the largest fortress cannon in the world.
Therefore, the Ming army with inferior forces resisted the early attack of the Ottoman army dozens of times, and both sides suffered heavy casualties.
The Ming army had no choice but to retreat, and behind it was the sea surface of Suez bend.
Although the Ming army was still in the lead in industrial weapons at that time, the major countries in the world had completely entered the era of hot weapons, and the huge gap in military strength would still be consumed soon.
Fortunately, at this time, reinforcements that followed the military orders of the Second Prime Minister's Government came. The heavy artillery fire reinforcements of the naval fleet and the landing army reinforcements saved the Donggang Fortress.
Later, a few years later, when the Ming Dynasty civil war ended and was put into the Western Front of the World, the countries finally realized the terror of the main fleet of the Ming army. The giant cannon ships that covered the sky and the sun destroyed the world, and determined the victory or defeat on the European battlefield in one fell swoop.
The Ottoman Empire disintegrated, forming a strange coastal border until now.
The Ming Dynasty also achieved its first rebirth in the deaths of countless people.
The dynasty will usher in a bright dawn and get up from disaster. People will summarize the experience and lessons. Only by relying on the sweat and heart of the crowd can we rebuild the glory of the former empire and sing the song "Thousand Miles of Jinling" in the ruins of war.
...Gao Xu stood by the sea, looking at the quiet sea surface of the Bay of Suez, with water birds flying in the air, and the air was fresh.There are some small sports sailboats floating on the sea, making the scenery peaceful.
But he could imagine that the huge iron ships and rows of muzzles were covered with black smoke in the air, like dark clouds.
The Ming people, who have always been conservative and humble, compete for their own interests and status with the cost of blood, fire and life.
Due to the limitations of history, some wars may not be right or wrong, or even evil, but if they do not dance with wolves, how can they settle down in troubled times?
The rebels died, but the manifesto he left behind was still there and had a great impact.
Just like all internal and external wars in the Ming Dynasty, those who revived must first look for righteousness and be famous.
The border general and the people around him certainly understood these things, so he made the name of clearing the emperor's side and pointed directly at the emperor's treacherous ministers. The direct evidence was that the emperor personally scolded the court and was full of treacherous slander.
And count the crimes of those treacherous and slanderous people.
The general idea of the manifesto is that treacherous and slander rely on power to deceive the emperor, merge with official companies and erode national profits.
The upper class monopolizes power and wealth, and the people of 100 million are in poverty.
The court is corrupt and people are greedy. Wherever they want to deal with the government, they must seek personal gain and bribe, deceive superiors and subordinates, flattery become a trend, and the government will not be rectified, and the principles of the rule will be in chaos.
The ministers were in vain and poorly managed, and only focused on fighting for power and profit, which caused the people of the world to be extremely selfish, regardless of the rich or poor, and lacked a sense of public obligation.
From the court to the people, it is full of shamelessness and deception, moral decay, and rituals and music collapse.
At that time, there were already radio broadcasts, and the information of the manifesto was very extensive.
Moreover, the people among the people are no longer the people at the beginning of the country. Thanks to the popularization of education, the literacy rate is extremely high, and the people's wisdom is gradually increasing.
For a time, public opinion exploded and the government and the country were shaken.
The rebel army also promised to change the situation in the court after eliminating the treacherous officials and rebellious parties.At first it did not play much role because they were defeated by the government troops on the battlefield.
However, the rebel army, which had previously failed to suppress the border, has taken the opportunity to grow stronger, and the resistance organizations in various places have become a prairie fire.
As soon as the manifesto was released, uprisings and riots were everywhere, and half of the Ming Dynasty was almost paralyzed.
Even the Ming Dynasty capital riots also occurred.
The court immediately summoned the army and formed a large army with the Beijing camp and local military camps to go north to quell the rebellion.The cabinet's opinion is to first defeat the largest rebel army, first seize the people, and then divide and govern it.
Unfortunately, the local army turned against each other and the government army was defeated.The first battle ended and the situation was even more uncontrollable.
Some schools of opposition scholars joined the uprising army, summarized the lessons of the failure of uprisings in previous dynasties, proposed a complete set of strategies, which covered the military, government, finance and fields (now a historical document).
Therefore, the rebel army claimed that it would only deal with treacherous officials who were extremely guilty and adopted a strategy of winning over ordinary rich people and capitalists.
Sure enough, many places have surrendered to the hopeless wealthy people, including some knowledgeable people.
The rebel army collected scattered forces from all over the country, used surrendered officers to train new recruits, and requisitioned factories in various parts of the north to build weapons.
Heavy artillery was deployed in the north of the Yangtze River, and the fire blockade threatened the Ming naval fleet entering the river and was ready to advance south at any time.
The Ming Dynasty lost half of the wall, and at this time the emperor died suddenly and the capital was in chaos.
At that time, it was too late to find a member of the royal family to ascend the throne, and it was easy to continue to fight in the internal struggle because of whom.
The ministers in the court weighed the pros and cons, and used the new cabinet chief, military officials and nobles to form two ministers, civil and military ministers, imitated the Zhou Dynasty's Duke Ding and Duke Mu of Dukes, and temporarily led the court's military and national affairs with the republic system.
First, the commander of the capital garrison sent people to cross the river to negotiate, proposing that the rebel army protect the imperial city, Zhujiazong society, imperial tombs, and civilians. After the treaty was signed, the capital garrison offered the city.The rebel army agreed to the request.
So the capital surrendered, and the two prime ministers and some royal relatives led the capital camp to flee south.They ran directly to Guangzhou, which was one of the important industrial and trade centers of the Ming Dynasty, and then sent troops to deploy defenses in important places in the north.
At this time, the rulers of the Ming Dynasty should have seen the terrible situation when the great empire collapsed. The dynasty structure lacking buffering and release mechanisms, the overly rigid system, and the devastating destruction during the collapse.
They probably knew that they were wrong. The world was in chaos. If they did not change, they would definitely lead everyone to die together or live in vain, and no one would be spared.
Sichuan and other places are still watching. The Wei family in the Duke of Wei was in Sichuan and had a great prestige in the military. They also fled from the Beijing Administrator to Sichuan and defected to the Wang family of the Wei family. They are also famous families and have marriages with many nobles.
Overseas naval bases, Western America and Macau have not spoken out.
The two prime ministers of the Republic planned to win over these forces and then head north to fight against the rebels.
Of course, the rebel army also thought so, and they also wanted to win over the remaining elite troops and forces.
At the same time, the two sides fought in various parts of the south and progressed slowly.
Because the government army chose the right location, it built trench fortifications and mobilized a large number of artillery and first-generation armored vehicles to garrison. Such a battlefield is simply a meat grinder, and it is difficult to decide the winner in a short time.
The intensity of the war gradually decreased, and both sides began to win over and disagree.
The court finally took advantage of the war in the West and raised the banner of nationalism.This is a double-edged sword. The court had analyzed the pros and cons in detail before, but at this time, it was impossible to control so much.
At that time, Europe had become a mess, and De Yizhi was fighting fiercely with France; after Germany's ally Ottoman joined the war, it first rushed towards the army under the jurisdiction of the Ming Dynasty, pulling the Ming Dynasty into the battle.
The Second Prime Minister's Government sent a military order to overseas military towns, ordering the nearby military port to increase troops.
At that time, the Second Prime Minister's Government in the south had greatly reduced industrial capacity and the front-line military ammunition inventory was seriously insufficient, but the Second Prime Minister's Government still sent a fleet to transport a large number of arms to the Western Front War Zone to maintain the sphere of influence of the Ming Dynasty.
In order to prevent overseas military forces from splitting the territory, the Ming Dynasty's military towns could not produce ammunition and weapons, let alone require more complex and heavy weapons in the industrial chain, so overseas arms are all based on local supply.
All government announcements began to promote nationalism and the Ming Dynasty's world sphere of influence must not be lost, and many decisions were made to support the testimony.
The rebel army occupying the capital made the decision to ascend the throne and proclaim himself emperor, and issued an edict overseas in the form of an edict.
The idea of the capital was to be justified and proclaimed; at that time, most people still failed to change their traditional concepts and believed that the Ming Dynasty must have an emperor.
But judging from the result, this is a stupid move.
Many overseas bases accepted military orders from the Second Prime Minister's Government and began to mobilize troops to help the West. Of course, they also accepted local arms and military pay.
The Wei family and the Wang family led the Sichuan military and joined the Second Prime Minister's Government. They were willing to obey all military and political orders of the government and declared that they had entered a state of war mobilization.
Although the official army is still at a disadvantage on the front battlefield, the overall situation has begun to reverse.It created prerequisites for the second large-scale battle later...
The European battlefield is changing rapidly, and countries are constantly being pulled into battle groups due to old contradictions.
First, the French Revolution caused wars between countries. As a result, De Yizhi couped under the pressure of war, and the theory of extreme nationalism and racial superiority were out of control. He made every effort to start the war machine, and together with the allies, he gained the advantage of the Western Front and expanded across the southern Europe, North Africa and the Arab region.
Britain, Russia, East and the United States have successively joined the war.
In the early days of the war, Britain and France were fighting, and they were originally enemies.Because the War of Independence broke out in East and America, France strongly supported America and wanted to weaken Britain.The British were in great flames.
However, with the development of the war, alliances such as De Yizhi were in a situation where they would unify Europe and at least dominate it.
The British immediately gave up their old grievances and joined the French camp, because in contrast, Britain has always pursued a policy of checks and balances on the mainland, and the dominance of Deyizhi touched its core interests.
In North Africa, the Ming army had long noticed the military threat and the Ottoman Empire was approaching.
After judging the situation, the Egyptian Governor's Office decided to abandon the Xigang Tun Fort on the east side of Alexandria and concentrate its troops on the East Port Fortress on the Suez Canal.
The Governor's Office's consideration is that the Mediterranean military port is hanging out, with insufficient reinforcements from the navy and is easily surrounded by heavy troops on land.When the Ottoman army invaded, defending Xigang to the death had no strategic significance.
However, according to the tradition of the Ming army, it is unreasonable to abandon the important city in the last battle.
So the garrison general of Xigang led 100 people to stay, and together with his position, destroyed it in the sky with his gunfire, and used his life to offset the blame for losing the city and abandoning the land.
The Ming army built several trench fortifications centered on Donggang Fortress, intending to defend the defense line to the death.
Among them, half of the fortresses made of steel and cement are underground and half on the ground, and have the largest fortress cannon in the world.
Therefore, the Ming army with inferior forces resisted the early attack of the Ottoman army dozens of times, and both sides suffered heavy casualties.
The Ming army had no choice but to retreat, and behind it was the sea surface of Suez bend.
Although the Ming army was still in the lead in industrial weapons at that time, the major countries in the world had completely entered the era of hot weapons, and the huge gap in military strength would still be consumed soon.
Fortunately, at this time, reinforcements that followed the military orders of the Second Prime Minister's Government came. The heavy artillery fire reinforcements of the naval fleet and the landing army reinforcements saved the Donggang Fortress.
Later, a few years later, when the Ming Dynasty civil war ended and was put into the Western Front of the World, the countries finally realized the terror of the main fleet of the Ming army. The giant cannon ships that covered the sky and the sun destroyed the world, and determined the victory or defeat on the European battlefield in one fell swoop.
The Ottoman Empire disintegrated, forming a strange coastal border until now.
The Ming Dynasty also achieved its first rebirth in the deaths of countless people.
The dynasty will usher in a bright dawn and get up from disaster. People will summarize the experience and lessons. Only by relying on the sweat and heart of the crowd can we rebuild the glory of the former empire and sing the song "Thousand Miles of Jinling" in the ruins of war.
...Gao Xu stood by the sea, looking at the quiet sea surface of the Bay of Suez, with water birds flying in the air, and the air was fresh.There are some small sports sailboats floating on the sea, making the scenery peaceful.
But he could imagine that the huge iron ships and rows of muzzles were covered with black smoke in the air, like dark clouds.
The Ming people, who have always been conservative and humble, compete for their own interests and status with the cost of blood, fire and life.
Due to the limitations of history, some wars may not be right or wrong, or even evil, but if they do not dance with wolves, how can they settle down in troubled times?